Money in a cage

External Debt (% of GDP)

External debt as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the ratio between the debt a country owes to non-resident creditors and its nominal GDP. External debt is the part of a country’s total debt that was borrowed from foreign lenders, including commercial banks, governments or international financial institutions. Debtors can be individuals, corporations or the government. The external debt comprises the outstanding amount of those actual current and not contingent liabilities owed to non-residents by residents of the country, which require the debtor to pay principal and/or interest at some point(s) in the future. External debt is also referred to as foreign debt.

This chart displays External Debt (% of GDP) for Latin America, South Asia, Middle East & North Africa from 2010 to 2022.

External Debt (% of GDP) Data

2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Afghanistan 14.0 15.1 29.3 23.6 -
Albania 60.8 69.7 57.6 55.4 48.2
Algeria 2.8 3.1 4.0 3.2 -
Angola 75.2 119.0 92.6 53.0 -
Antigua and Barbuda 39 50 55 48 -
Argentina 62.3 70.3 55.0 43.8 44.5
Armenia 90.9 102.2 99.8 78.2 63.8
Australia 110.3 109.8 102.2 90.8 89.5
Austria 154.31 149.81 146.95 131.69 134.79
Azerbaijan 33.0 37.1 26.8 19.4 -
Bahamas, The 19.7 41.4 37.8 37.6 -
Bangladesh 17.8 19.7 22.0 21.1 -
Belarus 63.1 68.5 60.2 58.0 46.4
Belize 57.8 74.8 60.1 52.0 -
Benin 25.0 28.2 32.7 34.3 -
Bhutan 111 - - - -
Bolivia 35.0 42.1 39.6 36.1 -
Bosnia-Herz. 60.7 66.9 53.8 52.7 -
Botswana 9.4 10.7 10.6 9.7 -
Brazil 17.2 21.0 19.5 16.4 15.7
Bulgaria 61.3 63.3 58.1 51.6 48.6
Burkina Faso 23.4 25.4 28.9 25.8 -
Burundi 18.5 - - - -
Cabo Verde 81.0 113.9 100.6 87.2 -
Cambodia 56.7 68.0 74.4 76.2 -
Cameroon 32.6 36.1 34.2 34.6 -
CdI 32.9 40.0 41.1 45.6 -
Central African Republic 37.1 35.0 45.2 - -
Chad 21.6 23.8 22.4 21.3 -
Chile 71.4 82.0 74.7 76.1 71.8
China 14.5 16.3 15.4 13.7 13.7
Colombia 42.9 57.2 53.8 53.2 54.0
Comoros 21.7 24.2 27.1 29.7 -
Congo 12.7 15.5 16.7 14.4 -
Costa Rica 47.9 49.7 48.7 50.8 44.0
Croatia 73.6 86.9 77.3 74.0 85.5
Cuba 19.00 20.00 - - -
Cyprus 824.22 794.79 692.12 609.59 576.02
Czech Republic 75.4 80.2 71.1 65.8 60.3
Denmark 970 1,033 927 874 908
Djibouti 76.4 - - - -
Dominica 2.6 3.0 2.6 2.6 -
Dominican Republic 39.5 51.4 46.4 42.3 -
DR Congo 12.5 14.5 16.6 14.3 -
Ecuador 42.8 54.7 52.4 49.5 50.8
Egypt 34.2 32.3 32.6 32.8 41.8
El Salvador 64.7 74.2 70.0 66.6 -
Eritrea 38.9 37.4 34.4 30.0 -
Estonia 77.7 86.1 83.7 83.2 86.9
Ethiopia 31.4 30.2 24.0 - -
Fiji 14.3 25.0 27.8 30.2 -
Finland 224 223 209 216 215
Gabon 44.5 49.0 45.2 40.3 -
Gambia, The 44.9 51.2 52.8 51.0 -
Georgia 106.3 125.5 116.8 95.8 -
Germany 145 162 168 153 146
Ghana 48.9 59.5 57.4 66.0 -
Greece 245 321 294 269 256
Grenada 43.3 63.1 64.6 54.7 -
Guatemala 31.7 32.1 29.9 25.4 23.4
Guinea 27.1 30.6 26.7 24.9 -
Guyana 29.8 27.7 24.9 16.5 -
Haiti 15.0 15.8 12.7 12.8 -
Honduras 39.1 47.4 44.4 40.1 35.2
Hong Kong 459 518 509 495 482
Hungary 73.2 81.3 87.0 92.0 85.7
Iceland 78.0 84.9 86.5 78.6 73.0
India 19.7 21.4 19.5 18.6 18.6
Indonesia 36.0 39.3 34.9 30.1 29.8
Iran 2.0 2.8 3.6 2.9 -
Iraq 11.9 14.6 12.3 7.9 -
Israel 25.8 31.5 32.7 29.7 28.5
Italy 125 150 130 129 124
Jamaica 101.2 115.1 121.3 102.7 -
Japan 83.3 95.8 91.4 103.3 107.1
Jordan 75.2 86.9 90.0 84.4 -
Kazakhstan 88.3 94.8 84.3 71.4 62.0
Kenya 34.8 37.8 37.6 36.3 -
Korea 26.9 31.6 32.5 37.4 36.6
Kosovo 31.0 37.0 37.1 38.6 39.9
Kuwait 37.9 46.4 39.7 35.1 39.4
Kyrgyzstan 94.9 112.3 105.8 80.3 74.1
Laos 101.2 108.0 102.2 121.0 -
Latvia 117 122 111 102 98
Lebanon 143 217 289 320 -
Lesotho 66.6 83.6 76.0 74.9 -
Liberia 41.1 48.1 52.7 47.9 -
Lithuania 70.0 80.7 78.9 67.6 68.4
Luxembourg 58.9 51.8 49.7 45.2 43.2
Madagascar 28.7 37.1 36.9 39.0 -
Malawi 21.7 24.8 25.6 26.6 -
Malaysia 62.6 67.6 69.8 63.9 68.2
Maldives 48.3 99.0 77.2 64.9 -
Mali 28.9 33.5 34.3 35.7 -
Malta 1,078 1,192 1,047 984 1,034
Marshall Islands 20.4 18.3 15.8 14.3 -
Mauritania 66.6 68.3 48.4 42.2 -
Mauritius 85.9 108.7 128.1 134.7 -
Mexico 47.6 56.1 45.9 39.8 33.2
Micronesia, Federated States of 13.9 19.8 39.3 41.9 -
Moldova 59.8 69.7 63.7 66.4 63.1
Mongolia 221 243 225 197 -
Montenegro 137 198 158 142 -
Morocco 42.4 50.8 47.4 50.9 48.8
Mozambique 349 411 388 338 -
Myanmar 14.9 17.0 20.7 20.1 -
Namibia 64.5 76.4 67.9 71.6 76.0
Nepal 19.0 24.1 24.4 23.7 -
Netherlands 483 471 440 395 362
New Zealand 90.2 90.2 87.4 84.9 87.5
Nicaragua 107.2 108.5 103.1 95.0 -
Niger 27.8 33.0 33.4 35.2 -
Nigeria 16.3 19.1 20.6 20.6 -
North Macedonia 72.4 84.6 77.4 83.9 85.7
Norway 163 178 149 128 153
Pakistan 35.2 40.0 37.5 36.5 39.4
Palau 36.9 60.3 81.4 79.4 -
Panama 149 197 176 167 164
Papua New Guinea 75.8 75.9 75.7 59.1 -
Paraguay 46.6 58.7 55.7 58.6 -
Peru 34.7 43.4 45.1 41.6 39.3
Philippines 22.2 27.2 27.0 27.5 28.7
Poland 59.6 62.9 53.8 53.7 52.9
Portugal 192 205 190 166 150
Qatar 137.6 187.0 161.4 116.0 -
Romania 49.0 57.5 56.5 50.6 52.4
Russia 29.0 31.4 26.5 17.4 15.7
Rwanda 63.0 80.7 84.1 72.7 -
Saint Lucia 30.4 48.2 48.3 39.6 -
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 38.6 47.5 60.1 62.4 -
Samoa 48.6 54.5 58.2 56.3 -
Sao Tome and Principe 66.6 66.5 62.9 71.9 -
Saudi Arabia 9.7 12.7 11.6 9.0 10.1
Senegal 82.3 94.9 103.7 116.4 -
Serbia 61.6 70.6 65.8 70.4 66.7
Sierra Leone 45.5 51.9 57.8 57.4 -
Singapore 425 488 433 379 391
Slovakia 112.3 119.6 134.2 103.0 96.1
Slovenia 91.6 102.1 97.4 90.8 91.7
Solomon Islands 21.7 27.9 31.7 32.2 -
Somalia 34.6 29.3 24.9 23.0 -
South Africa 47.6 50.4 38.2 40.4 41.6
Sri Lanka 63.0 67.4 66.2 79.4 -
Sudan 117.9 56.3 156.9 - -
Suriname 88.4 86.4 115.3 107.3 -
Swaziland 18.0 21.5 26.8 28.2 -
Sweden 177 177 169 173 169
Switzerland 273 288 294 275 241
Syrian Arab Republic 17.3 20.5 25.5 - -
Taiwan 30.2 28.1 27.5 26.6 27.3
Tajikistan 79.9 84.9 78.0 62.9 -
Tanzania 41.4 40.6 42.2 41.2 -
Thailand 31.7 38.0 38.8 40.4 37.7
Timor-Leste 10.0 10.7 7.7 9.0 -
Togo 28.5 33.8 41.0 38.5 -
Tonga 37.8 40.9 47.1 42.8 -
Trinidad and Tobago 21.5 26.8 23.9 23.5 34.8
Tunisia 94.0 96.6 88.6 88.9 -
Turkey 54.5 59.6 53.5 50.5 45.3
Turkmenistan 14.2 12.2 8.7 6.7 -
UAE 81.1 110.0 97.4 79.8 -
Uganda 37.0 45.3 44.9 41.0 -
Ukraine 79.2 80.5 65.1 81.6 90.7
United Kingdom 290 336 318 291 282
United States 95.7 100.4 98.8 95.7 95.0
Uruguay 72.7 87.8 79.8 76.1 67.3
Uzbekistan 38.0 56.0 58.7 60.5 -
Vanuatu 47.0 50.1 50.5 49.6 -
Venezuela 123.6 177.8 172.5 - -
Vietnam 36.9 37.4 37.8 35.9 -
West Bank and Gaza 10.6 13.2 10.9 10.4 10.6
Yemen 32.2 35.2 39.2 31.2 -
Zambia 128.5 165.7 123.6 98.6 -
Zimbabwe 47.2 47.6 38.2 44.1 -

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