External debt as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the ratio between the debt a country owes to non-resident creditors and its nominal GDP. External debt is the part of a country’s total debt that was borrowed from foreign lenders, including commercial banks, governments or international financial institutions. Debtors can be individuals, corporations or the government. The external debt comprises the outstanding amount of those actual current and not contingent liabilities owed to non-residents by residents of the country, which require the debtor to pay principal and/or interest at some point(s) in the future. External debt is also referred to as foreign debt.
This chart displays External Debt (% of GDP) for Middle East & North Africa, Latin America, South Asia from 2010 to 2021.
External Debt (% of GDP) Data
| 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 61.3 | 60.8 | 69.7 | 57.6 | 55.5 |
| Australia | 113.2 | 110.5 | 110.1 | 102.9 | 91.8 |
| Austria | 150.84 | 154.30 | 165.70 | 163.32 | 149.23 |
| Bosnia-Herz. | 61.4 | 60.7 | 67.1 | 54.0 | - |
| Bulgaria | 66.1 | 61.3 | 63.3 | 58.0 | 52.5 |
| Croatia | 79.9 | 74.3 | 87.8 | 78.0 | 75.2 |
| Cuba | 18.43 | 18.37 | - | - | - |
| Cyprus | 891.76 | 824.27 | 801.69 | 699.46 | 620.78 |
| Czech Republic | 78.8 | 76.7 | 81.9 | 73.4 | 67.8 |
| Denmark | 898 | 967 | 1,035 | 933 | 877 |
| Estonia | 77.6 | 77.7 | 86.1 | 83.7 | 83.2 |
| Afghanistan | 14.6 | 14.1 | 15.1 | - | - |
| Algeria | 3.3 | 3.2 | 3.6 | 4.5 | - |
| Angola | 62.5 | 78.2 | 122.9 | 94.2 | - |
| Antigua and Barbuda | 40 | 39 | 50 | 55 | - |
| Argentina | 52.9 | 62.3 | 70.5 | 55.0 | 43.9 |
| Armenia | 87.7 | 90.9 | 102.2 | 99.8 | 78.2 |
| Azerbaijan | 34.5 | 33.0 | 37.1 | 26.8 | - |
| Bahamas, The | 20.4 | 19.5 | 41.7 | 38.9 | - |
| Bangladesh | 17.9 | 17.8 | 19.7 | 22.0 | - |
| Belarus | 65.5 | 63.1 | 68.5 | 60.1 | 58.7 |
| Belize | 58.7 | 57.4 | 73.9 | 58.6 | - |
| Benin | 23.1 | 25.0 | 28.4 | 32.9 | - |
| Bhutan | 109 | 111 | - | - | - |
| Bolivia | 33.0 | 35.0 | 42.1 | 39.5 | - |
| Botswana | 10.5 | 9.4 | 10.7 | 10.6 | - |
| Brazil | 16.7 | 17.2 | 21.0 | 19.7 | 16.6 |
| Burkina Faso | 21.0 | 23.2 | 25.1 | 28.8 | - |
| Burundi | 17.5 | 18.4 | - | - | - |
| Cabo Verde | 80.2 | 81.0 | 113.8 | 100.0 | - |
| Cambodia | 55.3 | 56.8 | 67.7 | 73.7 | - |
| Cameroon | 27.4 | 32.5 | 36.2 | 35.3 | - |
| CdI | 27.7 | 33.1 | 39.8 | 41.5 | - |
| Central African Republic | 35.6 | 37.2 | 35.0 | 45.1 | - |
| Chad | 29.5 | 30.3 | 34.0 | 33.4 | - |
| Chile | 62.4 | 71.3 | 81.9 | 75.2 | 77.6 |
| China | 14.3 | 14.5 | 16.3 | 15.4 | 13.6 |
| Colombia | 39.6 | 42.9 | 57.2 | 53.8 | 53.5 |
| Comoros | 20.6 | 22.1 | 24.6 | 26.0 | - |
| Congo | 14.5 | 14.8 | 17.8 | 18.7 | - |
| Costa Rica | 46.8 | 47.9 | 49.7 | 49.1 | 51.5 |
| Djibouti | 77.2 | 76.4 | - | - | - |
| Dominica | 3.6 | 2.6 | 3.0 | 2.6 | - |
| Dominican Republic | 37.2 | 38.5 | 51.1 | 46.3 | - |
| DR Congo | 14.4 | 14.6 | 16.8 | 18.6 | - |
| Ecuador | 37.4 | 42.6 | 52.9 | 53.0 | 50.0 |
| Egypt | 35.2 | 34.2 | 32.3 | 32.6 | 32.8 |
| El Salvador | 64.3 | 64.7 | 73.5 | 68.5 | - |
| Eritrea | 39.4 | 38.9 | 37.3 | 33.8 | - |
| Ethiopia | 30.1 | 29.4 | 30.6 | - | - |
| Fiji | 11.7 | 14.2 | 24.8 | 27.8 | - |
| Gabon | 44.5 | 46.4 | - | - | - |
| Gambia, The | 43.3 | 44.2 | 50.7 | 52.4 | - |
| Georgia | 98.5 | 107.3 | 126.8 | 118.2 | - |
| Ghana | 35.9 | 40.7 | 46.7 | 46.4 | - |
| Grenada | 47.5 | 43.3 | 63.1 | 64.6 | - |
| Guatemala | 33.1 | 31.7 | 32.1 | 30.0 | 24.4 |
| Guinea | 22.3 | 23.0 | 31.0 | 28.1 | - |
| Guyana | 33.9 | 29.8 | 27.7 | 24.9 | - |
| Haiti | 13.4 | 14.7 | 15.8 | 12.8 | - |
| Honduras | 38.6 | 39.0 | 46.8 | 40.7 | 37.2 |
| Hong Kong | 468 | 459 | 518 | 509 | 504 |
| India | 20.1 | 19.7 | 21.5 | 19.7 | 18.4 |
| Indonesia | 36.0 | 36.0 | 39.3 | 34.9 | 30.1 |
| Iran | 2.3 | 2.0 | 2.8 | 3.6 | - |
| Israel | 25.2 | 25.8 | 31.5 | 32.7 | 29.7 |
| Jamaica | 108.6 | 110.1 | 122.1 | 120.7 | - |
| Jordan | 73.6 | 75.1 | 87.1 | 92.6 | - |
| Kazakhstan | 90.8 | 88.3 | 94.8 | 84.2 | 71.4 |
| Kenya | 34.1 | 34.8 | 37.8 | 37.6 | - |
| Korea | 25.6 | 28.5 | 33.5 | 34.7 | 39.8 |
| Kyrgyzstan | 98.4 | 94.9 | 112.3 | 105.8 | 84.4 |
| Laos | 85.6 | 88.4 | 91.8 | 91.3 | - |
| Lebanon | 145 | 143 | 217 | 289 | - |
| Lesotho | 56.5 | 65.2 | 82.0 | 71.7 | - |
| Liberia | 35.5 | 41.1 | 48.0 | 52.6 | - |
| Madagascar | 27.1 | 28.7 | 37.1 | 37.0 | - |
| Malawi | 22.7 | 21.7 | 24.8 | 25.5 | - |
| Malaysia | 63.8 | 62.6 | 67.6 | 69.7 | 63.9 |
| Maldives | 44.8 | 48.4 | 93.4 | 72.6 | - |
| Mali | 27.0 | 29.0 | 33.4 | 33.7 | - |
| Marshall Islands | 22.8 | 20.1 | 18.1 | - | - |
| Mauritania | 69.9 | 66.6 | 68.2 | 48.4 | - |
| Mauritius | 76.5 | 85.9 | 110.7 | 121.3 | - |
| Mexico | 47.2 | 47.6 | 56.1 | 46.0 | 40.1 |
| Micronesia, Federated States of | 4.5 | 13.9 | 19.8 | 39.3 | 41.9 |
| Moldova | 63.5 | 60.1 | 70.0 | 63.8 | 65.4 |
| Mongolia | 225 | 222 | 243 | 222 | - |
| Morocco | 41.3 | 42.4 | 50.7 | 46.9 | 43.6 |
| Mozambique | 335 | 352 | 414 | 388 | - |
| Myanmar | 16.0 | 16.3 | 17.0 | 21.4 | - |
| Namibia | 60.9 | 65.8 | 77.5 | 66.5 | 71.9 |
| Nepal | 17.5 | 19.0 | 24.1 | 24.5 | - |
| Nicaragua | 100.1 | 104.2 | 107.3 | 101.3 | - |
| Niger | 25.0 | 27.9 | 33.1 | 33.5 | - |
| Nigeria | 15.2 | 14.9 | 17.4 | 17.3 | - |
| Pakistan | 26.7 | 33.0 | 37.6 | 35.1 | 34.7 |
| Palau | 36.7 | 36.9 | 60.3 | 81.4 | 80.0 |
| Panama | 148 | 149 | 197 | 177 | 168 |
| Papua New Guinea | 73.3 | 75.8 | 75.8 | - | - |
| Paraguay | 39.4 | 43.2 | 55.9 | 53.6 | - |
| Peru | 34.7 | 34.8 | 43.5 | 45.2 | 41.8 |
| Philippines | 22.8 | 22.2 | 27.2 | 27.0 | 27.5 |
| Russia | 27.5 | 29.0 | 31.4 | 26.3 | 17.4 |
| Rwanda | 58.9 | 63.0 | 80.7 | 81.3 | - |
| Saint Lucia | 29.9 | 30.5 | 48.4 | 52.5 | - |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 36.6 | 38.6 | 47.5 | 59.8 | - |
| Samoa | 49.3 | 45.7 | 50.0 | 52.3 | - |
| Sao Tome and Principe | 60.9 | 58.5 | 60.9 | - | - |
| Senegal | 82.3 | 82.3 | 94.9 | 105.0 | - |
| Sierra Leone | 43.0 | 45.5 | 51.9 | 57.8 | - |
| Singapore | 410 | 423 | 485 | 433 | 385 |
| Solomon Islands | 20.1 | 21.7 | 27.9 | 30.6 | - |
| Somalia | 54.9 | 50.3 | 39.2 | 36.9 | - |
| South Africa | 42.6 | 47.6 | 50.4 | 38.2 | 40.8 |
| Sri Lanka | 56.0 | 63.0 | 66.6 | 63.8 | - |
| Sudan | 94.0 | 120.5 | 57.4 | 160.0 | - |
| Suriname | 87.7 | 88.4 | 86.4 | 115.3 | 161.4 |
| Swaziland | 17.8 | 18.0 | 21.5 | 25.7 | - |
| Syrian Arab Republic | 20.7 | 17.3 | 20.5 | 25.5 | - |
| Taiwan | 31.4 | 30.2 | 28.1 | 27.4 | 26.6 |
| Tajikistan | 78.4 | 80.0 | 85.5 | 78.8 | - |
| Tanzania | 41.0 | 41.4 | 40.6 | 42.2 | - |
| Thailand | 32.2 | 31.6 | 38.1 | 38.9 | 40.3 |
| Timor-Leste | 10.1 | 10.0 | 10.7 | 7.7 | - |
| Togo | 24.3 | 27.9 | 33.3 | 41.2 | - |
| Tonga | 40.0 | 37.8 | 40.9 | 47.1 | - |
| Tunisia | 81.7 | 93.8 | 96.3 | 88.7 | - |
| Turkey | 54.8 | 54.5 | 59.7 | 53.7 | 50.7 |
| Turkmenistan | 16.8 | 12.3 | 10.6 | 7.5 | - |
| Uganda | 36.2 | 37.1 | 45.3 | 44.9 | - |
| Ukraine | 87.8 | 79.2 | 80.5 | 65.1 | 82.4 |
| Uruguay | 66.0 | 72.9 | 87.8 | 79.5 | 78.1 |
| Uzbekistan | 33.4 | 37.1 | 53.8 | 56.1 | - |
| Vanuatu | 43.6 | 47.0 | 50.5 | 53.1 | - |
| Venezuela | 53.1 | - | - | - | - |
| Vietnam | 35.1 | 35.4 | 36.1 | 36.8 | - |
| West Bank and Gaza | 8.7 | 10.6 | 13.2 | 10.9 | 10.4 |
| Yemen | 26.4 | 54.4 | 75.6 | 76.3 | - |
| Zambia | 87.5 | 117.6 | 147.5 | 108.7 | - |
| Zimbabwe | 37.0 | 56.1 | 59.2 | 48.4 | - |
| Finland | 218 | 224 | 223 | 208 | 215 |
| Germany | 147 | 147 | 165 | 171 | 156 |
| Greece | 225 | 245 | 321 | 294 | 267 |
| Hungary | 79.2 | 73.1 | 81.0 | 84.7 | 88.3 |
| Iceland | 82.1 | 78.0 | 85.1 | 84.8 | 78.9 |
| Italy | 117 | 124 | 150 | 132 | 131 |
| Japan | 80.4 | 83.3 | 95.9 | 91.9 | 104.2 |
| Kosovo | 29.5 | 30.7 | 40.0 | 35.6 | - |
| Latvia | 123 | 117 | 121 | 110 | 101 |
| Lithuania | 78.3 | 70.1 | 80.7 | 79.4 | 68.2 |
| Luxembourg | 63.6 | 58.9 | 51.8 | 49.7 | 45.2 |
| Malta | 674 | 612 | 662 | 608 | 554 |
| Montenegro | 146 | 155 | 221 | 180 | - |
| Netherlands | 489 | 467 | 449 | 410 | 375 |
| New Zealand | 94.4 | 90.1 | 90.4 | 87.4 | 85.1 |
| North Macedonia | 70.7 | 72.4 | 84.6 | 78.4 | 85.3 |
| Norway | 154 | 163 | 178 | 153 | 136 |
| Poland | 61.7 | 59.6 | 62.9 | 53.7 | 53.7 |
| Portugal | 196 | 192 | 205 | 191 | 168 |
| Romania | 48.4 | 49.0 | 57.5 | 56.6 | 50.6 |
| Serbia | 60.2 | 61.6 | 70.6 | 65.8 | 70.4 |
| Slovakia | 114.5 | 112.3 | 119.6 | 132.6 | 103.1 |
| Slovenia | 91.8 | 91.7 | 102.2 | 97.5 | 87.9 |
| Sweden | 180 | 177 | 176 | 169 | 170 |
| Switzerland | 258 | 273 | 288 | 292 | 273 |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 16.2 | 21.4 | 26.4 | 24.0 | 25.3 |
| United Kingdom | 300 | 290 | 334 | 321 | 293 |
| United States | 95.8 | 96.4 | 101.7 | 100.0 | 96.4 |