Bosnia-Herz. Fixed Investment (ann. var. %)

Bosnia-Herz. Economic Data & Projections

Bosnia-Herz.'s Macroeconomic Analysis:

Nominal GDP of USD 24.5 billion in 2022.

Nominal GDP of USD 28.2 billion in 2023.

GDP per capita of USD 8,128 compared to the global average of USD 10,589.

GDP per capita of USD 7,044 compared to the global average of USD 10,589.

Average real GDP growth of 2.7% over the last decade.

Average real GDP growth of 2.9% over the last decade.

Share of the region's population
Share of the region's GDP

Sector Analysis

In 2021, services accounted for 70% of overall GDP, manufacturing 14%, other industrial activity 10%, and agriculture 6%. Looking at GDP by expenditure, private consumption accounted for 71% of GDP in 2021, government consumption 19%, fixed investment 22%, and net exports -12%.

GDP by economic sector
GDP by type of expenditure

International trade

In 2021, manufactured products made up 71% of total merchandise exports, mineral fuels 9%, food 6%, ores and metals 10% and agricultural raw materials 5%, with other categories accounting for -1% of the total. In the same period, manufactured products made up 65% of total merchandise imports, mineral fuels 12%, food 16%, ores and metals 6% and agricultural raw materials 1%, with other goods accounting for 0% of the total. Total exports were worth USD 2 billion in 2022, while total imports were USD 4 billion.

Key exports
Key imports
Key export partners
Key import partners

Main Economic Indicators

Economic growth

The economy recorded average annual growth of 2.7% in the decade to 2022. To read more about GDP growth in Bosnia-Herz., go to our dedicated page.

Fiscal policy

Bosnia-Herz.'s fiscal deficit averaged 0.5% of GDP in the decade to 2022. Find out more on our dedicated page.

Unemployment

The unemployment rate averaged 30.9% in the decade to 2022. For more information on Bosnia-Herz.'s unemployment click here.

Inflation

Inflation averaged 1.5% in the decade to 2022. Go to our Bosnia-Herz. inflation page for extra insight.

Exchange Rate

From end-2012 to end-2022 the convertible mark weakened by 16.7% vs the U.S. dollar. For more info on the convertible mark, click here.

Economic situation in Bosnia-Herz.

Annual GDP growth declined in Q2 from Q1 due to slowdowns in private spending, public consumption and total investment. Turning to the third quarter, our Consensus is for economic growth to remain around Q2’s level. The downturns in both industrial output and merchandise exports softened in Q3, but growth in retail sales and tourist arrivals slowed in the quarter. Heading into Q4, our panelists expect GDP growth to improve, though October’s floods pose a downside risk to the projection. In other news, in late October, the European Commission stated that reforms aimed at facilitating progress toward EU integration had stalled in recent months. Meanwhile, in November, the government approved a EUR 103 million loan from the European Investment Bank to finance the construction of a wind farm, boding well for investment and the energy transition.

Bosnia-Herz. Economic Forecasts

Projections out to 2034.

42 indicators covered including both annual and quarterly frequencies.

Consensus Forecasts based on a panel of 13 expert analysts.

Want to get insight on the economic outlook for Bosnia-Herz. in the coming years? FocusEconomics collects projections out to 2034 on 42 economic indicators for Bosnia-Herz. from a panel of 13 analysts at the leading national, regional and global forecast institutions. These projections are then validated by our in-house team of economists and data analysts, and averaged to provide one Consensus Forecast you can rely on for each indicator. This means you avoid the risk of relying on out of date, biased or outlier forecasts. Our Consensus Forecasts can be visualized in whichever way best suits your needs, including via interactive online dashboards , direct data delivery and executive-style reports which combine analysts' projections with timely written analysis from our in-house team of economists on the latest developments in the Bosnia-Herz. economy. To download a sample report on the Bosnia-Herz.'s economy, click here. To get in touch with our team for more information, fill in the form at the bottom of this page.

Bosnia-Herz. Economic Indicators

2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Population (million) 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5
GDP (USD bn) 20.9 20.7 24.3 24.5 28.2
GDP per capita (USD) 5,990 5,948 6,967 7,055 8,128
GDP (EUR bn) 18.7 18.2 20.5 23.3 26.0
GDP per capita (EUR) 5,351 5,218 5,894 6,712 7,518
GDP (BAM bn) 36.5 35.6 40.1 45.6 50.9
Economic Growth (Nominal GDP, ann. var. %) 4.6 -2.6 12.8 13.6 11.7
Economic Growth (GDP, ann. var. %) 2.3 -2.9 7.3 3.7 1.9
Domestic Demand (ann. var. %) 2.9 -3.7 7.8 1.9 1.5
Private Consumption (ann. var. %) 2.3 -3.5 4.2 1.9 1.1
Government Consumption (ann. var. %) 1.0 1.5 2.9 1.3 2.1
Total Investment (ann. var. %) 6.4 -8.4 22.7 2.4 2.1
Exports (G&S, ann. var. %) 0.5 -14.8 24.6 11.8 -1.2
Imports (G&S, ann. var. %) 1.3 -13.4 20.6 6.2 -1.3
Industrial Production (ann. var. %) -5.5 -6.5 9.7 1.0 -3.8
Unemployment (% of active population, aop) 15.7 15.9 17.4 15.4 13.2
Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) 1.4 -4.6 0.6 0.9 -1.7
Public Debt (% of GDP) 33.2 37.1 35.6 31.0 32.2
Inflation (CPI, ann. var. %, aop) 0.6 -1.1 2.0 14.0 6.1
Exchange Rate (BAM per USD, eop) 1.74 1.60 1.72 1.83 1.77
Exchange Rate (BAM per EUR, eop) 1.96 1.96 1.96 1.96 1.96
Current Account Balance (EUR bn) -0.5 -0.5 -0.3 -1.0 -0.6
Current Account Balance (% of GDP) -2.5 -2.8 -1.4 -4.4 -2.3
Merchandise Trade Balance (EUR bn) -4.1 -3.2 -3.7 -5.2 -5.2
Merchandise Exports (EUR bn) 5.2 4.8 6.5 8.4 7.9
Merchandise Imports (EUR bn) 9.3 8.0 10.2 13.6 13.2
Merchandise Exports (ann. var. %) -2.3 -7.4 34.9 28.8 -5.3
Merchandise Imports (ann. var. %) 1.1 -13.5 26.7 33.6 -3.0
Foreign Direct Investment (EUR bn) 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.9
International Reserves (EUR bn) 6.4 7.1 8.4 8.2 8.3
International Reserves (months of imports) 8.3 10.6 9.9 7.3 7.6
External Debt (EUR bn) 11.4 12.3 11.7 12.7 13.0
External Debt (% of GDP) 61.2 67.9 57.0 54.6 49.8
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