GDP reading: GDP growth sped up to 3.1% year on year in the first quarter from 2.5% in the fourth...
Economic Growth in Indonesia
Indonesia's GDP growth over the last decade was generally steady and above the emerging-market average, underpinned by strong domestic consumption and a growing middle class. The COVID-19 pandemic caused a significant contraction in 2020. However, the subsequent recovery was swift, driven by government stimulus and a focus on digitalization and infrastructure development.
Indonesia's economy recorded average real GDP growth of 4.3% in the decade to 2022, slightly below the 4.4% average for the Asia-Pacific region. In 2022, real GDP growth was 5.3%. For more GDP information, visit our dedicated page.
Indonesia GDP Chart
Note: This chart displays Economic Growth (GDP, annual variation in %) for Indonesia from 2014 to 2024.
Source: Macrobond.
Indonesia GDP Data
| 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economic Growth (GDP, ann. var. %) | -2.1 | 3.7 | 5.3 | 5.0 | 5.0 |
| GDP (USD bn) | 1,062 | 1,188 | 1,319 | 1,372 | 1,398 |
| GDP (IDR tn) | 15,443 | 16,977 | 19,588 | 20,892 | 22,139 |
| Economic Growth (Nominal GDP, ann. var. %) | -2.5 | 9.9 | 15.4 | 6.7 | 6.0 |
Economy ends 2024 on a high note
Economic growth remains robust: GDP growth picked up to 5.0% year on year in the fourth quarter from 4.9% in the third quarter, broadly in line with market expectations. On a seasonally adjusted quarter-on-quarter basis, the economy grew 0.5% in Q4, down from Q3’s 1.5% rise. Meanwhile, over 2024 as a whole, GDP growth matched 2023’s 5.0%, in line with market forecasts.
Household spending underpins Q4’s uptick: Looking at domestic activity, Q4’s annual acceleration was chiefly due to household spending, which grew 5.0% year on year and marked the best reading since Q3 2023 (Q3: +4.9% yoy). Less positively, public consumption growth waned to 4.2% in Q4 (Q3: +4.6% yoy). Moreover, fixed investment growth edged down to 5.0% in Q4 from 5.2% in the previous quarter. On the external front, exports of goods and services growth fell to 7.6% in Q4, marking the worst reading since Q1 2024 (Q3: +8.8% yoy). In addition, imports of goods and services growth moderated to 10.4% in Q4 (Q3: +11.9% yoy).
GDP growth to remain strong: The economy should expand at a pace close to 2024’s level in 2025. Private spending and fixed investment should gain momentum thanks to lower interest rates, but public spending will lose steam, and exports growth will ease due to increasing trade tensions. Weaker-than-expected external demand poses a downside risk to economic momentum, while stronger-than-anticipated public spending under President Prabowo Subianto is an upside risk.
Consensus Forecasts and Projections for the next ten years
How should you choose a forecaster if some are too optimistic while others are too pessimistic? FocusEconomics collects Indonesian GDP projections for the next ten years from a panel of 43 analysts at the leading national, regional and global forecast institutions. These projections are then validated by our in-house team of economists and data analysts and averaged to provide one Consensus Forecast you can rely on for each indicator. By averaging all forecasts, upside and downside forecasting errors tend to cancel each other out, leading to the most reliable GDP forecast available for Indonesian GDP.
Download one of our sample reports to visualize what a Consensus Forecast is and see our Indonesian GDP projections.
Want to get access to the full dataset of Indonesian GDP forecasts? Send an email to info@focus-economics.com.
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