The skyline in Argentina

Argentina GDP

Argentina GDP

Economic Growth in Argentina

Argentina's GDP growth from 2013-2022 was highly volatile, marked by economic recessions and brief recoveries. The economy faced significant contractions, particularly during periods of political uncertainty and fiscal imbalances. Inflation and currency devaluation further hampered growth, with a notable recession in 2018-2019. Despite some recovery attempts, the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated the economic downturn. By 2022, Argentina was grappling with a stagnant economy, high inflation, and a challenging debt burden, reflecting deep-rooted structural issues and economic mismanagement.

In Argentina, the economy recorded an average growth rate of 0.4% in the decade to 2022, below the 1.3% average for Latin America. In 2022, real GDP growth was 5.0%. For more GDP information, visit our dedicated page.

Argentina GDP Chart

Note: This chart displays Economic Growth (GDP, annual variation in %) for Argentina from 2014 to 2023.
Source: Macrobond.

Argentina GDP Data

2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Economic Growth (GDP, ann. var. %) -2.0 -9.9 10.4 5.3 -1.6
GDP (USD bn) 447 385 486 632 647
GDP (ARS bn) 21,558 27,210 46,219 82,653 191,405
Economic Growth (Nominal GDP, ann. var. %) 46.2 26.2 69.9 78.8 131.6

Economy records sharpest contraction since Q2 2023 in Q1

GDP fell at a quicker pace of 5.1% on a year-on-year basis in the first quarter, below the 1.2% contraction recorded in the fourth quarter of last year and marking the sharpest drop since Q2 2023. The reading was closely aligned with our panelists’ expectations. On a seasonally-adjusted quarter-on-quarter basis, GDP declined 2.6% in Q1, following the previous quarter's 2.5% fall and marking the largest downturn since Q2 2020.

Triple-digit inflation and the government’s austerity drive weighed on multiple expenditure components in Q1. Household spending slid at a sharper pace of 6.7% year-on-year in Q1 from a 1.9% contraction in Q4. Public consumption dropped at the sharpest pace since Q2 2020, contracting 5.0% (Q4 2023: -1.1% yoy). Meanwhile, fixed investment contracted 23.4% in Q1, marking the worst reading since Q2 2020 (Q4 2023: -6.8% yoy). Exports of goods and services bounced back, growing 26.1% in Q1 (Q4 2023: -7.4% yoy), thanks largely to strong agricultural output. Conversely, imports of goods and services contracted at a sharper pace of 20.1% in Q1 (Q4 2023: -1.8% yoy).

Our Consensus is for the economy to continue contracting in year-on-year terms for the remainder of this year, and to only return to quarter-on-quarter growth in H2, as inflation gradually subsides. The passage of the omnibus reform bill in June bodes well for the economic outlook, as it relaxes labor laws and encourages foreign investment.

Giving their take on the outlook, Itaú Unibanco analysts said: “Our 2024 GDP growth forecast stands at -3.0%. Following the sharp contraction in economic activity in 1Q24, all eyes are now on the pace of the recovery. While small, the sequential contraction at the start of 2Q24 confirms the downside bias to our projection.” Goldman Sachs’ Sergio Armella said: “Growth will remain weak in 2024 amid a macro rebalancing process where a sizeable fiscal drag and an erosion of households' disposable income is taking place […] A much stronger harvest, in contrast to the poor agricultural production of 2023, should provide some support to activity in the coming months. Thereafter, as inflation moderates, positive real wage growth in the second half of the year could support consumption and activity.” Regarding the passage of the omnibus bill, EIU analysts said: “The passage […] is a major step in improving Argentina’s poor business environment, but investors are unlikely to commit to investing in Argentina until the government articulates a clear road map to lift currency and capital controls (we believe that they will be lifted by early 2025). Legislatively, the difficulty in passing these laws demonstrated that the government is very likely to delay wide-ranging economic reforms further until the midterm election in late 2025.”

Consensus Forecasts and Projections for the next ten years

How should you choose a forecaster if some are too optimistic while others are too pessimistic? FocusEconomics collects Argentine GDP projections for the next ten years from a panel of 56 analysts at the leading national, regional and global forecast institutions. These projections are then validated by our in-house team of economists and data analysts and averaged to provide one Consensus Forecast you can rely on for each indicator. By averaging all forecasts, upside and downside forecasting errors tend to cancel each other out, leading to the most reliable GDP forecast available for Argentine GDP.

Download one of our sample reports to visualize what a Consensus Forecast is and see our Argentine GDP projections.

Want to get access to the full dataset of Argentine GDP forecasts? Send an email to info@focus-economics.com.

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