City in Nigeria

Nigeria Monetary Policy July 2022

Nigeria: Central Bank delivers much larger rate hike than expected in September

The Central Bank of Nigeria continued to tighten financial conditions at its 26–27 September meeting, delivering a 150 basis points hike that brought the monetary policy rate up to a record-high 15.50%. The decision surprised market analysts on the upside, as they had expected a 50 basis point hike. Moreover, the decision was not unanimous in terms of size; two members of 12 voted for smaller hikes. In addition, the Bank also increased the cash reserve ratio to 32.5% but retained the asymmetric corridor and the liquidity ratio at their prior levels.

The Committee noted an uptrend in inflation for the seventh consecutive month in August. Lingering security issues, high import costs for essential grains, greater money demand to allow increased pre-election spending, and structural issues added upward pressure on prices. Meanwhile, inflation expectations were fueled by the hike in energy prices, a hike in the electricity tariff, and the scarcity of oil. Turning to the economy, although the Committee expressed concern regarding a contraction in activity, it remained optimistic about the economys recovery due to vast monetary and fiscal support, providing room for the rate hike.

While the press release was void of explicit forward guidance, the Bank strongly hinted at more rate hikes. It stated, “that significant focus must be given to taming inflation”. Therefore, the Bank did not consider loosening or holding an option.

The next meeting is scheduled for 21–22 November.

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