Italy: Business confidence ticks up in December
The National Institute of Statistics (Istat)’s composite business confidence indicator (Clima di Fiducia delle Imprese Italiane, IESE)—which covers the manufacturing, construction, market services and retail sectors—rose from 83.3 in November to 87.7 in December.
The increase was driven by an improvement in sentiment in the manufacturing and market services sectors more than offsetting falling sentiment in the construction and retail trade sectors.