Kyrgyzstan

Kyrgyzstan Economy

Kyrgyzstan's economy in numbers:

Nominal GDP of USD 11.5 billion in 2022.

GDP per capita of USD 1,700 compared to the global average of USD 10,589.

Average real GDP growth of 3.7% over the last decade.

Share of the region's population
Share of the region's GDP

Economic structure:

In 2021, services accounted for 59% of overall GDP, manufacturing 13%, other industrial activity 13%, and agriculture 15%. Looking at GDP by expenditure, private consumption accounted for 84% of GDP in 2021, government consumption 18%, fixed investment 27%, and net exports -29%.

GDP by economic sector
GDP by type of expenditure

International trade:

In 2021, manufactured products made up 39% of total merchandise exports, mineral fuels 6%, food 18%, ores and metals 15% and agricultural raw materials 3%, with other categories accounting for 19% of the total. In the same period, manufactured products made up 68% of total merchandise imports, mineral fuels 15%, food 15%, ores and metals 1% and agricultural raw materials 1%, with other goods accounting for 0% of the total. Total exports were worth USD 2 billion in 2022, while total imports were USD 9 billion.

Key exports
Key imports
Key export partners
Key import partners

Economic growth:

The economy recorded average annual growth of 3.7% in the decade to 2022. To read more about GDP growth in Kyrgyzstan, go to our dedicated page.

Fiscal policy:

Kyrgyzstan's fiscal deficit averaged 2.7% of GDP in the decade to 2022. Find out more on our dedicated page.

Unemployment:

The unemployment rate averaged 2.6% in the decade to 2022. For more information on Kyrgyzstan's unemployment click here.

Inflation:

Inflation averaged 5.6% in the decade to 2022. Go to our Kyrgyzstan inflation page for extra insight.

Monetary Policy:

Kyrgyzstan's monetary policy rate ended 2022 at 13.00%, up from 2.64% a decade earlier. See our Kyrgyzstan monetary policy page for additional details.

Exchange Rate:

From end-2012 to end-2022 the som weakened by 44.7% vs the U.S. dollar. For more info on the som, click here.
The economy started 2024 on a high note: Growth surged to 7.4% year on year in January (January–December 2023: +6.2% yoy). The improvement was broad-based, with growth in industrial activity, agricultural output, construction and fixed investment all accelerating. Moreover, goods exports rose by nearly 150% year on year in January, signaling robust external demand. That said, consumer spending likely lost some steam at the start of the year; activity in the hospitality industry improved at a slower pace in January compared to last year, and wage growth cooled in December. In other news, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan are expected to sign a border demarcation deal in March after Turkey got involved in negotiations. The pact should contribute to the de-escalation of tensions along one of the least secure borders in Central Asia and support regional stability.
Projections out to 2033.

34 indicators covered including both annual and quarterly frequencies.

Consensus Forecasts based on a panel of 8 expert analysts.

Want to get insight on the economic outlook for Kyrgyzstan in the coming years? FocusEconomics collects projections out to 2033 on 34 economic indicators for Kyrgyzstan from a panel of 8 analysts at the leading national, regional and global forecast institutions. These projections are then validated by our in-house team of economists and data analysts, and averaged to provide one Consensus Forecast you can rely on for each indicator. This means you avoid the risk of relying on out of date, biased or outlier forecasts. Our Consensus Forecasts can be visualized in whichever way best suits your needs, including via interactive online dashboards , direct data delivery and executive-style reports which combine analysts' projections with timely written analysis from our in-house team of economists on the latest developments in the Kyrgyzstan economy. To download a sample report on the Kyrgyzstan's economy, click here . To get in touch with our team for more information, fill in the form at the bottom of this page .

Kyrgyzstan Economic Data

2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Population (million) 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.7 6.8
GDP (USD bn) 8.3 8.9 7.8 8.7 11.5
GDP per capita (USD) 1,322 1,388 1,194 1,314 1,700
GDP (EUR bn) 7.0 7.9 6.8 7.4 10.9
GDP per capita (EUR) 1,119 1,240 1,045 1,110 1,609
GDP (KGS bn) 569 619 602 740 971
Economic Growth (Nominal GDP, ann. var. %) 7.3 8.7 -2.8 22.9 31.3
Economic Growth (GDP, ann. var. %) 3.8 4.6 -8.4 3.6 7.0
Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -0.6 -0.1 -3.1 -0.7 -0.3
Public Debt (% of GDP) 54.8 48.8 63.6 56.2 49.2
Inflation (CPI, ann. var. %, aop) 1.5 1.1 6.3 11.9 13.9
Policy Rate (%, eop) 4.75 4.25 5.00 8.00 13.00
Exchange Rate (KGS per USD, eop) 69.85 69.64 82.65 84.76 85.68
Exchange Rate (KGS per USD, aop) 68.84 69.79 77.33 84.64 84.08
Exchange Rate (KGS per EUR, eop) 79.85 78.18 101.13 96.39 91.44
Exchange Rate (KGS per EUR, aop) 81.22 78.12 88.16 100.05 88.38
Current Account Balance (USD bn) -1.0 -1.1 0.4 -0.7 -5.1
Current Account Balance (% of GDP) -11.6 -12.0 4.8 -8.4 -44.5
Merchandise Trade Balance (USD bn) -3.0 -2.6 -1.4 -2.4 -7.0
Merchandise Exports (USD bn) 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.8 2.2
Merchandise Imports (USD bn) 4.9 4.6 3.4 5.2 9.2
Merchandise Exports (ann. var. %) 5.6 6.6 -1.3 37.9 -21.2
Merchandise Imports (ann. var. %) 17.8 -5.1 -25.9 50.5 76.8
Foreign Direct Investment (USD bn) 0.1 0.4 -0.4 0.2 0.3
International Reserves (USD bn) 2.2 2.4 2.8 3.0 2.8
International Reserves (months of imports) 5.3 6.3 9.8 6.9 3.7
External Debt (USD bn) 8.1 8.4 8.7 9.2 9.7
External Debt (% of GDP) 98.4 94.9 112.3 105.8 84.4

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