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Middle East & North Africa Economic Forecast

Middle East & North Africa Economic Outlook

After a subdued start, our panelists expect regional GDP growth to accelerate this year versus 2024, driven by easing inflation, interest rates and OPEC+ output curbs. Still, rising protectionism may limit exports, and weak oil prices could restrain public outlays. Key risks include OPEC+ moves, U.S. trade shifts and regional unrest.

Middle East & North Africa Inflation

Inflation in the region should ease this year, while continuing to diverge between countries. Price increases will likely stay subdued in dollar-pegged economies, while remaining at double-digit rates in Egypt, Iran, Lebanon and Yemen amid subsidy cuts, currency slides, supply shortfalls and policy missteps.

This chart displays Economic Growth (Real GDP, ann. var. %) for Middle East & North Africa from 2010 to 2024.

2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Public Debt (% of GDP) 56.4 52.9 43.6 45.0 47.0
Merchandise Exports (USD bn) 840 1,173 1,215 1,430 1,428
Current Account Balance (% of GDP) -1.1 4.4 9.5 5.2 3.1
GDP per Capita (USD) 7,134 8,543 10,039 9,489 9,714
Economic Growth (Real GDP, ann. var. %) -3.6 5.1 7.5 2.1 2.0
External Debt (% of GDP) 48.8 45.0 40.0 42.7 41.8
Private Consumption (annual variation in %) -3.5 - 7.4 5.4 3.9
Merchandise Imports (USD bn) 774 890 783 1,119 1,222
Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -9.3 -2.9 2.6 -1.7 -3.0
Investment (annual variation in %) -8.1 - 19.7 2.9 1.2
Unemployment (% of active population, aop) 7.6 7.0 6.2 5.7 5.5
Inflation (CPI, ann. var. %, aop) 4.2 7.2 9.4 10.7 7.4
Policy Interest Rate (%, eop) 2.08 1.98 5.60 6.74 6.72
International Reserves (USD bn) 1,034 1,115 1,147 1,218 1,273
Money (ann. var. of M2 %) 10.8 10.4 11.6 8.5 11.2
Industrial Production (ann. var. %) -4.9 5.5 11.1 -0.5 -0.4

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