BOK Base Rate in Korea
South Korea's central bank policy rate declined from 2014 to 2020 in order to stimulate growth and inflation. Post-pandemic, there was a gradual shift towards higher interest rates in order to tame above-target price pressures, before another easing cycle began in 2024.
The bok base rate ended 2024 at 3.00%, compared to the end-2023 value of 3.50% and the figure a decade earlier of 2.00%. It averaged 1.86% over the last decade. For more interest rate information, visit our dedicated page.
Korea Interest Rate Chart
Note: This chart displays Policy Interest Rate (%) for Korea from 2015 to 2024.
Source: Macrobond.
Korea Interest Rate Data
2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
BOK Base Rate (%, eop) | 0.50 | 1.00 | 3.25 | 3.50 | 3.00 |
3-Month KORIBOR (%, eop) | 0.81 | 1.41 | 4.04 | 3.88 | 3.36 |
10-Year Bond Yield (%, eop) | 1.71 | 2.25 | 3.73 | 3.18 | 2.86 |
Central Bank puts monetary easing on hold in July
The bank pauses its monetary easing cycle: At its 10 July meeting, the Bank of Korea (BOK) decided to leave the base rate unchanged at 2.50%, as anticipated by market analysts. As a result, the BOK paused its monetary policy easing cycle following cumulative rate reductions of 100 basis points since October 2024, leaving rates at some of the lowest levels seen in the past two years.
Rising housing market concerns and higher inflation drive the decision: Domestically, inflation and macroprudential concerns were the main drivers of the decision. Inflation rose to 2.2% in June, pushed up by stronger price pressures for food plus the base effect from the costs of agricultural and petroleum products. Meanwhile, household loans picked up amid a rebound in Seoul’s property market, raising the financial stability concerns. On the external front, the Bank noted that downside risks to the economic growth outlook are retreating, on the back of a modest recovery in consumption and exports growth. That said, tariff negotiations with the U.S. remain a risk if levies on Korean exports, including chips, exceed expectations.
Easing cycle likely to resume in Q3: Monetary policy forward guidance remained broadly accommodative, with four out of six board members open to a further cut in the next three months. Still, in a subsequent statement, Governor Rhee Chang-yong hinted that the BOK will wait until August to see how U.S. tariff policies and domestic fiscal policy affect GDP growth before adjusting the current monetary policy stance. Accordingly, our panel expects rate cuts ranging from 25 to 75 basis points by the end of 2025, with a majority of our panelists expecting a quarter-point reduction in Q3 amid higher trade frictions and sluggish economic growth. That said, the pace and scale of future rate cuts will likely depend on incoming economic data and the need to balance economic forecasts with financial stability and inflation risks. The Bank will reconvene on 28 August.
Panelist insight: Commenting on the outlook, ING’s Min Joo Kang said: “We believe that August may be somewhat premature for the BoK to confirm the anticipated moderation in housing prices and household debt. But the probability of an August rate cut remains quite high. It will come down to trade-negotiation results. If talks between the U.S. and Korea turn out to be unfavorable to the market—such as 25% reciprocal tariffs and additional sector tariffs on semiconductors and other major export items—an earlier cut in August could become more likely. Therefore, the exact timing of the BoK policy action will depend on these two main factors.”
How should you choose a forecaster if some are too optimistic while others are too pessimistic? FocusEconomics collects Korean interest rate projections for the next ten years from a panel of 18 analysts at the leading national, regional and global forecast institutions. These projections are then validated by our in-house team of economists and data analysts and averaged to provide one Consensus Forecast you can rely on for each indicator. By averaging all forecasts, upside and downside forecasting errors tend to cancel each other out, leading to the most reliable interest rate forecast available for Korean interest rate.
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