Skyline of Bratislava, Slovakia

Eslovaquia Economy

Slovakia's economy in numbers:

Nominal GDP of USD 115 billion in 2022.

GDP per capita of USD 21,205 compared to the global average of USD 10,589.

Average real GDP growth of 2.2% over the last decade.

Share of the region's population
Share of the region's GDP

Economic structure:

In 2021, services accounted for 71% of overall GDP, manufacturing 19%, other industrial activity 8%, and agriculture 2%. Looking at GDP by expenditure, private consumption accounted for 58% of GDP in 2021, government consumption 22%, fixed investment 21%, and net exports -1%.

GDP by economic sector
GDP by type of expenditure

International trade:

In 2021, manufactured products made up 90% of total merchandise exports, mineral fuels 3%, food 4%, ores and metals 2% and agricultural raw materials 1%, with other categories accounting for 0% of the total. In the same period, manufactured products made up 80% of total merchandise imports, mineral fuels 8%, food 6%, ores and metals 4% and agricultural raw materials 1%, with other goods accounting for 1% of the total. Total exports were worth USD 102 billion in 2022, while total imports were USD 108 billion.

Key exports
Key imports
Key export partners
Key import partners

Economic growth:

The economy recorded average annual growth of 2.2% in the decade to 2022. To read more about GDP growth in Slovakia, go to our dedicated page.

Fiscal policy:

Slovakia's fiscal deficit averaged 2.9% of GDP in the decade to 2022. Find out more on our dedicated page.

Unemployment:

The unemployment rate averaged 9.3% in the decade to 2022. For more information on Slovakia's unemployment click here.

Inflation:

Inflation averaged 2.5% in the decade to 2022. Go to our Slovakia inflation page for extra insight.

Monetary Policy:

Euro Area monetary policy rate ended 2022 at 2.50%, up from 0.75% a decade earlier. See our Slovakia monetary policy page for additional details.

Exchange Rate:

From end-2012 to end-2022 the euro weakened by 18.2% vs the U.S. dollar. For more info on the euro, click here.
Economic growth slowed year on year in Q3, weighed on by a steep fall in fixed investment growth—which recorded the worst reading in over a year. That said, rebounds in public spending and exports of goods and services capped the overall downturn. Our panel expects momentum to have picked up in Q4, and available data largely corroborates this picture. Retail trade contracted at a softer annual clip in October–November than in Q3, signaling improved private spending. Additionally, the industrial sector expanded year on year in the same two-month period, contrasting the third quarter’s contraction. In politics, the government has recently faced mounting protests and international scrutiny over proposed reforms to the criminal code and plans to scrap an anti-graft office; if the reforms are approved, they could threaten EU funding and investment and stoke further social unrest.
Projections out to 2033.

54 indicators covered including both annual and quarterly frequencies.

Consensus Forecasts based on a panel of 22 expert analysts.

Want to get insight on the economic outlook for Slovakia in the coming years? FocusEconomics collects projections out to 2033 on 54 economic indicators for Slovakia from a panel of 22 analysts at the leading national, regional and global forecast institutions. These projections are then validated by our in-house team of economists and data analysts, and averaged to provide one Consensus Forecast you can rely on for each indicator. This means you avoid the risk of relying on out of date, biased or outlier forecasts. Our Consensus Forecasts can be visualized in whichever way best suits your needs, including via interactive online dashboards , direct data delivery and executive-style reports which combine analysts' projections with timely written analysis from our in-house team of economists on the latest developments in the Slovakia economy. To download a sample report on the Slovakia's economy, click here . To get in touch with our team for more information, fill in the form at the bottom of this page .

Eslovaquia Datos económicos

2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Población (millones) 5.4 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5
PIB (en millones de dólares) 106.0 105.7 106.5 116.5 113.2
PIB per cápita (USD) 19,482 19,396 19,511 21,331 20,713
PIB (en millones de euros) 89.9 94.4 93.4 98.5 107.7
PIB per cápita (EUR) 16,512 17,328 17,115 18,044 19,706
Crecimiento económico (PIB nominal, var. anual) 6.1 5.1 -1.1 5.5 9.3
Crecimiento económico (PIB, var. anual) 4.0 2.5 -3.4 3.0 1.7
Demanda interna (% var. anual) 3.7 3.9 -5.2 4.2 3.6
Consumo privado (% var. anual) 4.2 2.6 -1.2 1.6 5.2
Consumo público (var. anual) 0.5 4.5 -0.6 4.2 -3.2
Inversión fija (% var. anual) 2.8 6.7 -10.8 0.2 6.5
Exportaciones (G&S, % var. anual) 5.1 0.8 -6.4 10.6 1.0
Importaciones (G&S, % var. anual) 4.8 2.2 -8.2 12.1 3.0
Producción industrial (% var. anual) 4.5 0.7 -8.1 10.3 -3.6
Ventas al por menor (% var. anual) 3.6 -1.3 -1.1 1.3 4.2
Salarios (% var. anual) 6.2 7.8 3.8 6.8 7.8
Desempleo (% de la población activa, aop) 6.5 5.7 6.7 6.8 6.1
Saldo fiscal (% del PIB) -1.0 -1.2 -5.4 -5.5 -
Deuda pública (% del PIB) 49.4 48.0 58.9 62.2 -
Dinero (var. anual de M2 %) 6.5 8.9 9.1 7.6 1.9
Inflación (IPC, % var. anual, eop) 1.9 3.0 1.6 5.8 15.4
Inflación (IPCA, % var. anual, eop) 1.9 3.2 1.6 5.1 15.0
Inflación (IPCA, % var. anual, aop) 2.5 2.8 2.0 2.8 12.1
Inflación (IPP, % var. anual, aop) 2.6 1.9 -0.4 6.8 29.3
Tipo de refinanciación del BCE (%, eop) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -
EURIBOR a 3 meses (%, eop) -0.31 -0.38 -0.55 -0.57 -
Rendimiento de los bonos a 10 años (%, eop) 0.91 0.14 -0.50 0.12 3.64
Tipo de cambio (USD por EUR, eop) 1.14 1.12 1.22 1.14 -
Tipo de cambio (USD por EUR, aop) 1.18 1.12 1.14 1.18 -
Balanza por cuenta corriente (en millones de euros) -2.0 -3.2 0.5 -2.5 -8.8
Balanza por cuenta corriente (% del PIB) -2.2 -3.3 0.6 -2.5 -8.2
Balanza comercial de mercancías (en millones de euros) -0.2 -1.1 1.0 -0.5 -6.6
Exportaciones de mercancías (en millones de euros) 75.1 75.5 70.0 81.3 96.5
Importaciones de mercancías (en millones de euros) 75.4 76.7 69.0 81.8 103.2
Exportaciones de mercancías (% var. anual) 6.6 0.5 -7.3 16.1 18.7
Importaciones de mercancías (% var. anual) 7.8 1.7 -10.0 18.6 26.1
Inversión extranjera directa (en millones de euros) 1.5 2.2 -1.6 0.1 -
Deuda externa (en millones de euros) 102.9 106.0 111.7 133.1 -
Deuda externa (% del PIB) 114.5 112.3 119.6 135.0 -

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