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Las importaciones se definen como bienes producidos fuera de las fronteras de un país, que luego son adquiridos por ese país. Junto con las exportaciones, las importaciones representan la piedra angular del comercio exterior. Un país compra mercancías al extranjero porque no puede producirlas él mismo o porque existen ventajas comparativas al adquirirlas en el extranjero. Una mayor proporción de importaciones en relación con el Producto Interior Bruto (PIB) de un país indica su grado de dependencia de las compras al extranjero. Cuanto mayor es este grado, más desplazan las importaciones a la producción nacional. La demanda de importaciones depende de las condiciones económicas del país comprador, así como del tipo de cambio y de los precios relativos.
This chart displays Importaciones de mercancías (en millones de dólares) for Oriente Medio y África del Norte, Asia del Sur, América Latina, Zona euro, Principales economías from 2010 to 2024.
Importaciones (miles de millones de USD) Datos
| 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afganistán | 6.8 | 6.5 | 5.3 | 7.0 | 8.1 | 8.6 |
| Albania | 4.5 | 4.3 | 6.0 | 6.5 | 6.9 | 7.9 |
| Alemania | 1,236 | 1,170 | 1,413 | 1,583 | 1,468 | 1,415 |
| Andorra | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.4 | - | - | - |
| Angola | 14.1 | 9.5 | 11.8 | 17.3 | 15.1 | 14.2 |
| Antigua y Barbuda | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 |
| Arabia Saudí | 140 | 126 | 140 | 176 | 192 | 215 |
| Argelia | 47.0 | 37.4 | 39.4 | 40.2 | 42.6 | 47.5 |
| Argentina | 49.1 | 42.4 | 63.2 | 81.5 | 73.7 | 60.8 |
| Armenia | 5.0 | 4.0 | 4.7 | 7.7 | 11.3 | 15.4 |
| Aruba | 1.2 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.5 |
| Australia | 224 | 211 | 258 | 300 | 288 | 296 |
| Austria | 185 | 172 | 220 | 234 | 226 | 212 |
| Azerbaiyán | 11.3 | 10.1 | 10.4 | 13.5 | 16.4 | 17.2 |
| Bahamas, Las | 3.0 | 2.0 | 3.3 | 3.9 | 4.1 | 4.6 |
| Bahrein | 17.2 | 14.2 | 17.4 | 21.9 | 20.3 | 20.6 |
| Bangladesh | 54.6 | 48.8 | 74.5 | 79.9 | 61.2 | 63.9 |
| Barbados | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Bélgica | 429 | 397 | 528 | 622 | 562 | 522 |
| Belice | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.4 |
| Benín | 3.5 | 3.2 | 4.0 | 4.4 | 4.6 | 4.8 |
| Bhután | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.3 |
| Bielorrusia | 36.5 | 30.4 | 39.8 | 37.3 | 41.6 | 44.2 |
| Bolivia | 9.1 | 6.4 | 8.3 | 10.8 | 10.7 | 9.2 |
| Bosnia-Herzegovina. | 2.6 | 2.5 | 3.5 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 3.8 |
| Botswana | 6.3 | 6.3 | 8.1 | 7.7 | 6.3 | 6.8 |
| Brasil | 186 | 159 | 219 | 273 | 241 | 263 |
| Brunei | 5.0 | 5.2 | 8.3 | 9.0 | 7.4 | 7.4 |
| Bulgaria | 35.8 | 33.3 | 44.1 | 54.9 | 51.3 | 51.8 |
| Burkina Faso | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.6 | 5.5 | 5.9 | 6.0 |
| Burundi | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.0 |
| Cabo Verde | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.2 |
| Camboya | 22.4 | 21.1 | 31.0 | 32.1 | 26.6 | 31.2 |
| Camerún | 6.3 | 5.1 | 6.6 | 7.2 | 7.7 | 8.0 |
| Canadá | 463 | 421 | 506 | 586 | 571 | 574 |
| CdI | 9.5 | 9.5 | 12.3 | 15.2 | 15.4 | 15.1 |
| Chad | 1.9 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 2.1 | 2.2 |
| Chile | 65.8 | 55.1 | 84.3 | 94.9 | 79.2 | 78.1 |
| China | 2,078 | 2,066 | 2,687 | 2,707 | 2,557 | 2,583 |
| Chipre | 8.6 | 8.2 | 9.6 | 11.4 | 12.7 | 11.8 |
| Cisjordania y Gaza | 7.3 | 6.5 | 8.3 | 10.2 | 9.2 | 6.9 |
| Colombia | 50.5 | 41.2 | 56.7 | 71.7 | 59.4 | 60.2 |
| Comoras | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
| Congo | 3.3 | 2.2 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 3.5 | 3.5 |
| Corea | 503 | 468 | 615 | 731 | 643 | 632 |
| Costa Rica | 15.7 | 14.1 | 17.7 | 21.3 | 22.0 | 23.2 |
| Croacia | 26.1 | 23.8 | 31.0 | 40.6 | 39.1 | 40.6 |
| Cuba | 9.9 | 7.2 | 8.4 | 9.8 | 9.0 | 8.8 |
| Dinamarca | 103.0 | 101.0 | 128.0 | 137.8 | 129.3 | 132.4 |
| Dominica | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 |
| EAU | 233 | 212 | 244 | 298 | 340 | 376 |
| Ecuador | 21.7 | 17.1 | 24.0 | 30.5 | 29.3 | 27.9 |
| Egipto | 66.5 | 62.8 | 70.7 | 87.3 | 70.8 | 72.1 |
| El Salvador | 10.5 | 8.9 | 13.2 | 15.4 | 14.4 | 15.1 |
| Eritrea | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 |
| Eslovaquia | 86.1 | 80.1 | 99.1 | 108.9 | 107.4 | 107.2 |
| Eslovenia | 34.4 | 31.1 | 40.6 | 47.1 | 44.3 | 45.1 |
| España | 360 | 313 | 405 | 481 | 459 | 459 |
| Estados Unidos | 2,512 | 2,347 | 2,849 | 3,270 | 3,105 | 3,295 |
| Estonia | 16.0 | 15.6 | 21.0 | 24.6 | 21.9 | 22.1 |
| Etiopía | 14.6 | 13.1 | 16.0 | 18.7 | 17.1 | 19.3 |
| Fiji | 2.7 | 1.7 | 2.1 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 3.2 |
| Filipinas | 111.6 | 89.8 | 116.9 | 137.2 | 126.2 | 127.6 |
| Finlandia | 69.9 | 63.9 | 80.4 | 93.6 | 80.5 | 76.4 |
| Francia | 628 | 555 | 689 | 800 | 763 | 733 |
| Gabón | 3.9 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 4.0 |
| Gambia | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 1.2 | 1.3 |
| Georgia | 8.7 | 7.5 | 9.3 | 12.6 | 14.2 | 15.2 |
| Ghana | 13.4 | 12.4 | 13.6 | 14.6 | 14.0 | 15.4 |
| Grecia | 61.9 | 54.1 | 78.1 | 98.1 | 89.8 | 91.2 |
| Grenada | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.4 |
| Guatemala | 17.9 | 16.4 | 23.3 | 28.6 | 27.4 | 29.1 |
| Guinea Ecuatorial | 2.1 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 1.3 | 2.4 | 2.7 |
| Guinea | 3.5 | 3.7 | 4.2 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 5.9 |
| Guinea-Bissau | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| Guyana | 4.0 | 2.3 | 4.4 | 3.6 | 6.6 | 6.7 |
| Haití | 4.2 | 3.7 | 4.4 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 5.0 |
| Honduras | 12.1 | 10.3 | 15.1 | 18.3 | 17.4 | 17.8 |
| Hong Kong | 564 | 551 | 683 | 630 | 594 | 632 |
| Hungría | 110 | 101 | 125 | 146 | 136 | 108 |
| India | 475 | 394 | 613 | 716 | 678 | 720 |
| Indonesia | 165 | 135 | 189 | 230 | 211 | 223 |
| Irán | 58.1 | 52.2 | 63.6 | 75.4 | 79.4 | 85.0 |
| Iraq | 49.4 | 41.0 | 34.7 | 46.9 | 56.0 | 71.6 |
| Irlanda | 121 | 114 | 133 | 157 | 162 | 164 |
| Islandia | 6.2 | 5.3 | 7.2 | 9.0 | 8.9 | 9.3 |
| Islas Marshall | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Islas Salomón | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.9 |
| Israel | 75.7 | 70.8 | 91.5 | 106.2 | 93.6 | 96.3 |
| Italia | 438 | 386 | 519 | 635 | 588 | 554 |
| Jamaica | 5.7 | 4.2 | 4.3 | 6.5 | 6.4 | 6.1 |
| Japón | 698 | 604 | 733 | 872 | 760 | 716 |
| Jordania | 17.1 | 15.4 | 19.2 | 24.4 | 22.9 | 24.0 |
| Kazajstán | 41.1 | 38.1 | 41.6 | 50.6 | 60.4 | 61.2 |
| Kenia | 16.6 | 14.5 | 19.6 | 19.1 | 17.2 | 22.2 |
| Kirguistán | 5.0 | 3.7 | 5.6 | 9.8 | 12.5 | 12.3 |
| Kiribati | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | - |
| Kosovo | 3.6 | 3.5 | 5.1 | 5.5 | 5.9 | 6.4 |
| Kuwait | 29.4 | 24.8 | 27.9 | 28.4 | 33.0 | 33.4 |
| Laos | 6.3 | 5.4 | 6.3 | 7.2 | 7.6 | 8.7 |
| Lesotho | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 |
| Letonia | 17.2 | 17.1 | 22.4 | 26.1 | 24.1 | 23.3 |
| Líbano | 18.2 | 10.6 | 12.9 | 18.1 | 16.9 | 16.1 |
| Liberia | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
| Libia | 17.7 | 9.1 | 17.0 | 19.7 | 23.2 | 20.4 |
| Lituania | 35.8 | 33.2 | 44.6 | 55.2 | 48.5 | 44.8 |
| Luxemburgo | 25.3 | 22.8 | 28.2 | 29.8 | 29.7 | 29.7 |
| Macao | 12.5 | 12.0 | 19.8 | 17.1 | 17.8 | 17.1 |
| Macedonia del Norte | 8.2 | 7.6 | 9.9 | 11.4 | 10.7 | 10.6 |
| Madagascar | 3.5 | 2.8 | 3.7 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.7 |
| Malasia | 205.0 | 190.5 | 238.2 | 294.0 | 265.5 | 299.4 |
| Malawi | 2.8 | 2.8 | 3.2 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 3.0 |
| Maldivas | 2.7 | 1.7 | 2.4 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.5 |
| Mali | 5.1 | 5.1 | 6.3 | 7.1 | 7.0 | 7.1 |
| Malta | 6.0 | 4.9 | 6.2 | 7.7 | 7.6 | 7.5 |
| Marruecos | 44.5 | 39.1 | 51.6 | 63.0 | 61.4 | 66.5 |
| Mauricio | 5.6 | 4.2 | 5.1 | 6.6 | 6.3 | 6.8 |
| Mauritania | 3.5 | 2.7 | 3.9 | 5.1 | 4.8 | 4.8 |
| México | 455 | 383 | 506 | 606 | 605 | 636 |
| Micronesia, Estados Federados de | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
| Moldavia | 5.4 | 5.0 | 6.8 | 8.9 | 8.3 | 8.6 |
| Mongolia | 6.0 | 5.2 | 6.8 | 8.6 | 9.4 | 11.7 |
| Montenegro | 2.8 | 2.3 | 2.9 | 3.6 | 4.0 | 4.3 |
| Mozambique | 7.0 | 5.9 | 8.0 | 13.3 | 9.2 | 8.4 |
| Myanmar | 13.6 | 13.7 | 10.7 | 12.6 | 12.9 | 9.0 |
| Namibia | 6.2 | 5.0 | 6.4 | 7.8 | 7.2 | 8.6 |
| Nauru | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Nepal | 12.3 | 9.9 | 15.9 | 13.7 | 12.0 | 13.3 |
| Nicaragua | 5.4 | 5.3 | 7.5 | 9.1 | 9.4 | 10.1 |
| Níger | 2.9 | 3.1 | 3.6 | 3.9 | 3.3 | 2.7 |
| Nigeria | 62.1 | 52.3 | 51.4 | 58.2 | 47.7 | 39.8 |
| Noruega | 86 | 82 | 99 | 107 | - | - |
| Nueva Zelanda | 42.1 | 36.8 | 49.2 | 53.9 | 50.0 | 48.6 |
| Omán | 20.5 | 25.4 | 28.0 | 34.7 | 35.2 | 36.9 |
| Países Bajos | 483 | 457 | 585 | 683 | 632 | 605 |
| Pakistán | 51.9 | 43.6 | 54.3 | 71.5 | 52.7 | 53.2 |
| Palau | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 |
| Panamá | 22.3 | 14.4 | 20.3 | 27.1 | 30.0 | 25.1 |
| Papúa Nueva Guinea | 4.1 | 3.6 | 4.4 | 5.9 | 5.4 | 4.1 |
| Paraguay | 11.9 | 9.7 | 12.6 | 14.7 | 15.3 | 15.8 |
| Perú | 41.1 | 34.7 | 48.0 | 56.0 | 50.0 | 52.1 |
| Polonia | 252 | 244 | 320 | 364 | 357 | 367 |
| Portugal | 89.5 | 77.7 | 98.3 | 115.2 | 113.7 | 116.0 |
| Puerto Rico | 49.4 | 44.5 | 45.1 | 52.1 | 56.9 | 53.9 |
| Qatar | 31.3 | 24.4 | 26.9 | 33.5 | 29.4 | 32.6 |
| Reino Unido | 655 | 567 | 680 | 789 | 751 | 756 |
| República Árabe Siria | 6.8 | 5.7 | 6.4 | 6.5 | 5.9 | 6.2 |
| República Checa | 146 | 132 | 169 | 186 | 183 | 179 |
| República Democrática del Congo | 12.9 | 11.9 | 18.2 | 26.7 | 28.0 | 30.4 |
| República Dominicana | 20.3 | 17.1 | 24.1 | 30.7 | 28.8 | 29.8 |
| Ruanda | 2.7 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 4.1 | 4.8 | 5.4 |
| Rumanía | 90.6 | 87.2 | 110.3 | 124.1 | 124.9 | 128.9 |
| Rusia | 254 | 240 | 301 | 277 | 303 | 300 |
| Samoa | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
| San Cristóbal y Nieves | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
| San Marino | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.4 | - |
| San Vicente y las Granadinas | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| Santa Lucía | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
| Santo Tomé y Príncipe | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
| Senegal | 7.3 | 7.0 | 8.5 | 10.8 | 10.8 | 10.6 |
| Serbia | 24.7 | 24.3 | 31.9 | 38.3 | 37.4 | 39.6 |
| Seychelles | 1.1 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.4 |
| Sierra Leona | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.9 |
| Singapur | 345 | 315 | 392 | 448 | 402 | 435 |
| Somalia | 3.6 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 4.2 | 4.0 | - |
| Sri Lanka | 19.9 | 16.1 | 20.6 | 18.3 | 16.8 | 18.8 |
| Suazilandia | 17.2 | 15.0 | 19.4 | 19.7 | 18.6 | 2.1 |
| Sudáfrica | 87.5 | 67.2 | 91.1 | 109.5 | 104.8 | 99.7 |
| Sudán del Sur | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.2 | - |
| Sudán | 9.3 | 9.8 | 9.9 | 11.1 | 7.5 | 4.8 |
| Suecia | 157 | 146 | 184 | 199 | 191 | 187 |
| Suiza | 271 | 290 | 322 | 355 | 364 | 368 |
| Surinam | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.6 |
| Tailandia | 216.0 | 186.4 | 238.8 | 271.6 | 261.3 | 277.6 |
| Taiwán | 286 | 286 | 382 | 428 | 352 | 394 |
| Tanzania | 8.8 | 7.9 | 10.0 | 14.0 | 13.8 | 14.3 |
| Tayikistán | 2.9 | 2.7 | 3.7 | 4.6 | 5.2 | 5.9 |
| Timor-Leste | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.0 |
| Togo | 1.8 | 2.0 | 2.4 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2.9 |
| Tonga | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
| Trinidad y Tobago | 6.0 | 5.0 | 6.4 | 7.5 | 6.6 | 7.5 |
| Túnez | 21.6 | 18.3 | 22.6 | 26.7 | 25.5 | 26.0 |
| Turkmenistán | 3.0 | 3.2 | 4.1 | 3.5 | 4.0 | 4.2 |
| Turquía | 199 | 206 | 254 | 343 | 337 | 314 |
| Tuvalu | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | - | - |
| Ucrania | 60.4 | 51.9 | 69.8 | 55.6 | 63.8 | 72.7 |
| Uganda | 6.9 | 7.1 | 7.5 | 7.9 | 9.7 | 11.7 |
| Uruguay | 8.8 | 7.9 | 11.2 | 13.4 | 12.8 | 12.9 |
| Uzbekistán | 21.2 | 19.0 | 22.9 | 28.3 | 34.5 | 33.2 |
| Vanuatu | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| Venezuela | 9.3 | 7.5 | 8.9 | 13.3 | 12.8 | 14.6 |
| Vietnam | 243 | 252 | 320 | 342 | 311 | 363 |
| Yemen | 4.7 | 4.7 | 5.1 | 5.3 | 5.0 | - |
| Yibuti | 4.1 | 2.9 | 4.0 | 5.1 | 5.3 | 4.4 |
| Zambia | 6.5 | 4.8 | 6.4 | 8.1 | 9.1 | 10.1 |
| Zimbabue | 4.5 | 4.7 | 7.1 | 8.1 | 8.7 | - |
| Zona euro | 2,219 | 2,007 | 2,530 | 3,070 | 2,772 | 2,656 |